Cellular Respiration Quizelt

Cellular respiration is the set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used to power various cellular activities.

Stages of Cellular Respiration:

1. Glycolysis:
– Location: Cytoplasm
– Glycolysis breaks down one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It produces a small amount of ATP and NADH.

2. Pyruvate Decarboxylation (Transition Reaction):**
– Location: Mitochondrial matrix (in eukaryotes)
– Pyruvate from glycolysis is converted into acetyl-CoA, releasing carbon dioxide.

3. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle):
– Location: Mitochondrial matrix
– Acetyl-CoA is further broken down, releasing carbon dioxide and generating ATP, NADH, and FADH2.

4. Electron Transport Chain (ETC):
– Location: Inner mitochondrial membrane (in eukaryotes)
– NADH and FADH2 donate electrons, creating a flow of electrons through protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This flow of electrons is used to pump protons across the membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient.

5. Oxidative Phosphorylation:**
– Location: Inner mitochondrial membrane (in eukaryotes)
– The electrochemical gradient generated in the ETC is used to drive ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganic phosphate.*Overall Equation for Cellular Respiration:

Glucose (C6H12O6) + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (as ATP)

Cellular respiration is a crucial process for all aerobic organisms, providing the energy needed for various cellular functions. It involves a series of interconnected reactions, including glycolysis, the transition reaction, the citric acid cycle, the electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation. The process results in the production of ATP, which is used as an energy currency in cells, along with the release of carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

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